Cold Weather and Proper Dress

When winter approaches, it's time to reevaluate protective cold-weather gear

For decades, skiers have known what it is all about - dressing properly for the cold. They know that any exertion is going to create heat and possibly perspiration. In addition, they're enjoying the elements: cold, dry, wet, wind, and even warmer slopes.

As winter arrives, we should all be prepared for inclement weather, whether we choose to be out in it, perform outdoor chores, or are forced to face it in an emergency.

Follow the advice of most outdoor enthusiasts and layer. Multiple layers allow you to regulate your body temperature and can often eliminate the need for expensive apparel. (If you're skiing or engaging in another type of resort activity, you'll want to shop for the appropriate clothing; no cutting corners.)

How you dress is critical and the number one rule is to avoid cotton. It does breathe, but holds moisture in, becomes weighty, and will feel soggy, even with light sweating. For the first layer - against your skin, choose synthetic or silk long johns. Thin woolens are on the market, but may cause itching for sensitive individuals. Save your waffle wear for indoors and go straight to the sleeker leggings and tops.

The middle layers can be anything you choose and as much or little as your personal body temperature requires. These can be wool, fleece, or synthetics. Mix thin materials with thicker ones to allow for additional adjustments. A turtleneck is also convenient and will hold in heat. Add a thicker sweater on top and, if you choose, another layer of stretchy pants or bibs. You can also wear jeans, if it's dry. They're cotton, however, and when wet, will become extremely uncomfortable.

The outer layer can be any number of materials. You may want a simple windbreaker style jacket that fits comfortably over multiple layers. Down and fiberfills are available in varying lofts (thicknesses). On the "down" side, down gets clumpy when it's wet and requires a very long time to dry.

Higher quality garments feature waterproof tape at the seams; sometimes in just the critical areas and in even costlier clothing, at every seam. Jackets and pants should perform several functions. They should be breathable to allow an escape for body moisture, they should repel water, and they should protect from the wind. Some products feature zippered venting for extra heat and perspiration regulation.

Hats should cover the ears. Mittens are best for hand warmth, but are not as versatile as gloves. If maneuverability is needed, choose gloves with thick inner linings. Make sure they cover the wrists or, at the least, leave no gaps at the cuffs.

Boots and shoes should have protective grids and never be so tight as to numb the toes. Wear one pair of thick or thin synthetic socks - again no cottons. Double socks tend to slide and bunch, which can be uncomfortable.

Sunglasses are important to protect against snow blindness. Even if you're not accustomed to wearing them on dreary days, keep a pair in the car.

Keep an extra hat, gloves, an old jacket, and blankets in the car for emergencies. You never know when you'll have to wait for help or make a trek for assistance.